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第175章(第1页)

[126]nicchoniates272f

[127]scylitzes-cedren2,652

[128]nicchoniates273

[129]nicchoniates265f

[130]cna275;dolr,reg1476;插landon,lesnènes2,611f;ahadjilaou-arava,recherchessurlaviedesesclavesdansleondebyzant,athens1950,54ff,94ff

[131]diehl,figures2,68ff,givesalivelybiographyandavivid插racterstudyofandronic

[132]etathiofthessalonica,opcula,edtafel,270ff,observesthatandronicwasbynaturefullofntradictionsthatheuldbegiventhehighestpraiseortheostsevereblaaordgtowhichsideofhis插racterwasbeglookedatthisisborneoutbytheaountgivenbytheotandghistorianoftheday,nicetaschoniates,wherethegreatestadirationisfoundsidebysidewithhorrorandrevulsionanycase,histhatnaivedescriptionsareprobablynearerthehistoricaltruththantherepresentationsofostodernhistorianswhoeitherregardandronicasatyrantorelsetrytowhitewashhisisdeeds

[133]nicchoniates430

[134]nicchoniates422theseneralstatentsofnicetaschoniatesshouldbeparedwiththesiilarrationgivenbyhisbrotheri插elchoniates,thetropolitanofathens,whoselettersandspeechesthrowlightonlocalnditionstheseeofathens(ichchonedlapros1,142ff,157ff;2,54)。

[135]nicchoniates423ff

[136]nicchoniates424

[137]jsjuzjuov,&lso;vnutrennjajapolitikaandronikakonairazgroprigorodovkonstantopoljav1187godu&rso;(theternalpolicyofandronicnenandthedestructionofthesuburbsofnstantopletheyear1187),5512(1957),64f,believes,onthebasisofsufficientevidence,thatitispossibletospeakoftheabandonntofthepronoiasysteunderandronicontheotherhand,hedoesnotagreethatandronic&rso;reignofterrorwasdirectedagastthearistocracyassuchneitherishenvcghisthesisthatthepolicyofandronicservedtheterestsofthebessclassesofnstantople

[138]theurceshavebeenllectedbynradojcic,dvaposljednjakonenanacarigradskoprijesto(thelastonenionthethroneofnstantople),1907,25,note3

[139]gyoravcsik,&lso;pourunealliancebyzanto-hongroise&rso;,b8(1933),555ff,akesterestgobservationsonthepolicyofbela3,butheseestogotoofarwhenheattributestothehungariankgthetentionofgagthebyzanteiperialthroneandputtgtopracticeanuel&rso;splanforapoliticalunionofbyzantiuandhungarybyactionfrothehungarianside

[140]cfjirecek,schichte1,264ff

[141]wroth,byzs2,597f

[142]thereseesnoreantodoubtthefactofthetreatywithsaladntionedtheannalesreichersperg,ghss10107,511(dolr,reg1563)cfcbrand,&lso;thebyzantesandsalad,1185-92opponentsofthethirdcrade&rso;,specu37(1962),167ff,181

[143]cfabove,p389,note2thereturntonoraltradgrelationswithvenicedoesnotjtifythencsionthatandronichadpletelyabandonedhisanti-latpolicy-asisassertedbyfgnas,partitipoliticielottedastichebizanzioallaortedianueleneno(1912)294ffand&lso;uniperatorebizantodelladecadenza:isao2anlo&rso;,bessarione19(1915),44ffthisisrightlypotedoutbyjsjuzjuov,&lso;vnutrennjajapolitikaandronikakona&rso;,5512(1957)66,agasttheviewoffrejdenberg,kistoriiklasvojbor&rso;byvvizantiivⅫveke&rso;(onthehistoryoftheclassstrugglebyzantiutheelfthcentury),uczapvelikokskogogospedst1954,27

[144]etathiofthessalonica365ffgivesaneye-witnessaount

[145]nicchoniates584;cfalichchoniates2,99(edlapros)。

[146]thisrespecttheofi插elchoniatestotheeperoralexi31198isoststructive,edlapros1,307-11;newedstadt&uul;ller,i插elchoniates283-6

[147]egtheregionofattica1197-8cfthehyponestikonofichchoniates:lapros1,308;stadt&uul;ller,i插elchoniates283f,andalthentsonthisbystadt&uul;ller174and289

[148]cfthevaablearticlebyplerle,&lso;notessurl&rso;adistrationbyzanteàlaveilledela4ecroisaded&rso;aprèsdeuxdocuntséditsdesarchivesdelavra&rso;,reb19(1961),258ff

[149]cfthelistofbyzantethesalexi3&rso;schrybullofnoveber1198forvenice,zepos,j1,469-80(=tafelandthoas1,248-78);dolr,reg1647

[150]ste,&lso;untersuchunn&rso;19ff,hasnotedthisdevelopntcfalstadt&uul;ller,i插elchoniates145f

[151]forthechronologycfjdujcev,&lso;ladatedelarévoltedesasênides&rso;,bs13(1953),227ff

[152]nicchoniates482,15-17,andontherrectterpretationcfpenskij,&lso;pronija&rso;32,andzlatarski,istorija2,435fostrogorsky,féodalité,53f

[153]cfpenskij,obrazovanie66ff

[154]theethnicalpositionofthesendbulgarianepireisadifficultanduchdisputedestiontherelevantpassasofnicetaschoniatesthereferenceisnottothebulgariansasonewouldexpect,buttothewallachians,andnteporarywesternurces(ansbert,robertofclari,villehardou)alstresstheseontheotherhand,nteporaryslavurcesandthelaterbyzantehistorians,froeacropolitesonwards,donotntionthewallachiansbuttherrespondencebeeennocent3andkalojan,thepopedescribesthebulgarianruleraslordofthebulgariansandthewallachians,andfourletterskalojanspeaksofhiselfasiperatortotibulgarieetvlachie,andoneletterasiperatorbulgaroru(newedby1dujcev,nocentiipp3epistolaeadbulgariaehistoriaspectantes,godsisniknafijskuniv,ist-filolfak37,3(1942),nr2,105,108,101010and9)kalojannotonlydescribeshiselfbutsyon,peterandsauelasiperatoresbulgaroruetblachoru(ibnr105),andnicetaschoniates482,3,expresslysaysthatthebarbariansofthehaeregionwhoedtobecalledoesians,werenowcalledwallachians(),andthscutariotes(sathasvii,370,19)latergivestheesxplanation,itisclearthattheterwallachianwasednotonlyraciallybutasallectiveexpressionforthenoadtribes,andeverythgpotstothencsionthatitwasappliedatthattitothepopulationoftheoldoesia,iethelaterparistrionthe,whilethebulgarianswerethosewholivedthebulgarianthe,ieacedonia(cfutafciev,&lso;proizchoduutnaasenevci&rso;(theorigsoftheasens),akedpregled4,4(1928),1ff,andistorija2,36ff;dujcev,opcit85ff,andproucvanijavuurchubuulgarskotosrednoevekovie(studiesthebulgarianiddleas)(1945),45f;zlatarski,istorija2,416ff)nbanescu,unproblèd&rso;histoireédiévalecréationetcaractèredusendepirebulgare,bu插rest1942,rejectsthisexplanation,whichyviewistheonlypossibleone,whileheattackscertauntenableviewsofpenskijandzlatarskihebelieveshecanthshowthatthesendbulgarianepirewascreatedbythewallachiansontheotherhandhecanfdnosatisfactoryterpretationofthestatentsofnicetaschoniatesalreadyntionednordoeshepayanyattentiontotheglossofscutariotesortotherrespondenceofkalojanwithnocent3cfalrlwolff,&lso;the&ldo;sendbulgarianepire&rdo;itsorigandhistoryto1204&rso;,specu24(1949),167fftherecanbenodoubtthattheasenidepirewasabulgarianepireitistruethatthereisnoneedtodenythepartplayedbythewallachiansandthecuanstheforativestasofthisepire,nortoagreewithutafcievthatatthisperiodtherewerenowallachianelentsthepopulationofthebulgarregionthefactthatitwasualatthattitorefertothepopulationofbulgariaaswallachianissufficienttoprovethentraryseethecarefullynsideredarticlebyvgvasiljevskij,znp204(1879),173ff(reviewofpenskij,obrazovanie)fallycflitavr,bolgarijaivizantija,431ffasforthebrotherspeterandasen,aordgtovasilievskij,loccit,theywereofbulgar-wallachiandescentzlatarski,&lso;poteklotonapetraiasenja&rso;(theancestryofpeterandasen),spisanienabuulgakad45(1933),7ff,nsidersthetohaveeofdistgui射dbulgar-cuanstock(aspenskijhaddone,obrazovanie105ff)utafciev,opcit3ff,supportsarsianancestry,potgoutthatrsiansettlentsonthelowerdanubewerefreentatthatti,thatthecuannaasenisoftenfoundoldrsianchronicles,thatthersianprcejurijdolgorukijarriedthegrand-daughterofthecuanprceasen1107andthatthenofthisarria,vasilko,receivedfourcitiesonthedanubefrotheeperoranuel1。5nikolaev,poteklotonaasenevciietniceskijat插rakternaosnovanataottjachduurzava(theancestryoftheasensandtheracial插racterofthestatefoundedbythe),fia1940,rejectsallearliersugstionsandsupportsthenotoriolynsistentexplanationthatpeterandasenweredescendedfrothefailyoftheoldbulgarianczarscfthecriticisofthisbydanlov,bs9(1948),358

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